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A wafer check valve is a type of check valve used in piping systems to prevent backflow or reverse flow of fluid. It is called a "wafer" valve because of its thin, wafer-like design, which allows for easy installation between two flanges in a pipeline.

Here are some key features and characteristics of a wafer check valve:

Design: Wafer check valves have a compact and lightweight design, making them suitable for space-constrained applications. They typically consist of a body with a disc that moves vertically or swings on a hinge to allow or block the flow of fluid.

Function: The primary function of a wafer check valve is to allow the flow of fluid in one direction while preventing backflow in the opposite direction. When the fluid flows in the desired direction, the valve opens and allows passage. If the flow tries to reverse, the valve closes under its own weight or with the help of a spring, thereby preventing backflow.

Installation: Wafer check valves are installed between two flanges in a pipeline. They are held in place by the bolts connecting the flanges. The valve's slim profile allows for easy installation and removal without requiring a substantial amount of space.

Applications: Wafer check valves are commonly used in a wide range of industries, including water treatment, HVAC systems, oil and gas, chemical processing, power generation, and more. They are suitable for applications where space and weight limitations exist, and where backflow prevention is essential.

Material and Size: Wafer check valves are available in various materials such as cast iron, ductile iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, and exotic alloys. The choice of material depends on factors like the type of fluid being handled, temperature, pressure, and compatibility requirements. These valves come in different sizes to accommodate different pipe diameters.

Advantages: Some advantages of wafer check valves include their compact design, ease of installation, low-pressure drop, and cost-effectiveness compared to other types of check valves. They provide reliable and efficient operation, require minimal maintenance, and can be used in both horizontal and vertical pipe orientations.

It's important to note that while wafer check valves offer excellent backflow prevention, they may not provide a tight seal against leakage in the closed position. Therefore, if absolute shutoff is required, an alternative valve type, such as a gate valve or a ball valve, may be more suitable.